The Largest Earthquakes Ever Recorded

These rankings are based on magnitude alone, not casualties or damage. Because the magnitude scale is logarithmic, the gap between #1 and #10 below is far larger than the numbers alone suggest — every whole-magnitude step is roughly ten times the wave amplitude. See what that actually means. All ten are instrumentally recorded earthquakes — measured by seismometers, not historical estimates — sourced directly from USGS.

A century of the planet's most powerful instrumentally measured earthquakes, ranked by magnitude — not by energy released, which grows far faster than the numbers alone suggest. Source: USGS

01M9.5Bío-Bío, Chile1960
Valdivia Earthquake — 1960-05-22 (UTC) · -38.14°, -73.41°
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02M9.2Southern Alaska, USA1964
Great Alaska Earthquake — 1964-03-28 (UTC) · 60.91°, -147.34°
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03M9.1Off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia2004
Sumatra–Andaman Islands Earthquake — 2004-12-26 (UTC) · 3.30°, 95.98°
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04M9.1Near the east coast of Honshu, Japan2011
Tōhoku Earthquake — 2011-03-11 (UTC) · 38.30°, 142.37°
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05M9.0Off the east coast of the Kamchatka Peninsula, Russia1952
Kamchatka Earthquake — 1952-11-04 (UTC) · 52.62°, 159.78°
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06M8.8Offshore Bío-Bío, Chile2010
Maule Earthquake — 2010-02-27 (UTC) · -36.12°, -72.90°
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07M8.8Near the coast of Ecuador1906
1906 Ecuador–Colombia Earthquake — 1906-01-31 (UTC) · 0.96°, -79.37°
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08M8.7Rat Islands, Aleutian Islands, Alaska, USA1965
Rat Islands Earthquake — 1965-02-04 (UTC) · 51.25°, 178.72°
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09M8.6Eastern Xizang–India border region1950
Assam–Tibet Earthquake — 1950-08-15 (UTC) · 28.36°, 96.45°
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10M8.6Off the west coast of northern Sumatra, Indonesia2012
Northern Sumatra Earthquake — 2012-04-11 (UTC) · 2.33°, 93.06°
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